`
djun100
  • 浏览: 165565 次
  • 性别: Icon_minigender_1
  • 来自: 大连
文章分类
社区版块
存档分类
最新评论

MySQL常用语句

 
阅读更多
一、mysql常用语句

创建,删除和最基本查询:
显示数据库<wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql-&gt;show databases;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">创建数据库</span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql-&gt;create database db;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">删除数据库  mysql-&gt;drop database db;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">选择数据库</span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql-&gt;use db</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">创建表</span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql-&gt;create table mytable(name varchar(20),sex(char(1),birth date);</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">删除表    mysql-&gt;drop table mytable;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">显示表的内容</span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql-&gt;show tables;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">显示表的结构</span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql-&gt;describe mytable;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">更新:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">1、对列的操作:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">在一个表中增加一条字段 mysql-&gt;alter table yourtable add</span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">name varchar(20)not null;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">删除一个字段</span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql-&gt;alter table yourtable drop name ;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">2、对行的操作:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">插入一条记录</span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql-&gt;insert into mytable values('summer','m','1983-08-24');</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">删除一条记录</span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql-&gt;delete from mytable where name='summer';</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">修改一条记录</span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql-&gt;update mytable set sex='vm' where name='summer';</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">插入多条记录</span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql-&gt;insert into mytable</span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">select *from yourtable;(</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">这种形式的INSERT 语句中,新行的数据值不是在语句正文中明确地指定的.而是语句中指定的一个数据库查询. 该查询的逻辑限制:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">»查询不能含有ORDER BY子句. »查询结果应含有与INSERT语句中列数目相同的列,且数据类型必须逐列兼容. )</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">简单查询:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">1.在查询结果中显示列名</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">a.用as关键字:select name as '姓名'</span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">from students order by age</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">b.直接表示:select name '姓名'</span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">from students order by age</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">.精确查找:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">a.用in限定范围:select * from students where native in ('湖南', '四川')</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">b.between...and:select * from students where age between 20 and 30</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">c. 比较测试符:(包括=,&lt;&gt;,&lt;,&lt;=,&gt;,&gt;=)select * from students where name = '李山'</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">d.like:select * from students where name</span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">like</span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">'李%' (注意查询条件中有“%”,则说明是部分匹配,而且还有先后信息在里面,即查找以“李”开头的匹配项。所以若查询有“李”的所有对象,应该命令:'% 李%';若是第二个字为李,则应为'_李%'或'_李'或'_李_'。)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">e.[]匹配检查符:select * from courses where cno like '[AC]%' (表示或的关系,与"in(...)"类似,而且"[]"可以表示范围,如:select * from courses where cno like '[A-C]%')注:关于这个字符我在mysql里用的时候mysql把它当两个普通自符处理的。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">[^]stockname like '[^F-M]%' --------- (^排除指定范围)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">a.count()求总数,如:select count(*)</span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">from students (求学生总人数)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">b.avg(列)求平均,如:select avg(mark)</span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"></span><wbr style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">from grades where cno=’B2’</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">c.max(列)和min(列),求最大与最小</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">二、一些常用的mysql语句</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">PHP+MySQL+Linux目前已逐渐成为小型web服务器的一种经典组合。在windows环境下构筑和调试MySQL数据库是许多网站开发者的一种首选。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">以下为一些常用的MYSQL语句:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">一、连接MYSQL。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">格式: mysql -h主机地址 -u用户名 -p用户密码</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">1、例1:连接到本机上的MYSQL。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">首先在打开DOS窗口,然后进入目录 mysqlbin,再键入命令mysql -uroot -p,回车后提示你输密码,如果刚安装好MYSQL,超级用户root是没有密码的,故直接回车即可进入到MYSQL中了,MYSQL的提示符是:mysql&gt;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">2、例2:连接到远程主机上的MYSQL。假设远程主机的IP为:110.110.110.110,用户名为root,密码为abcd123。则键入以下命令:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql -h110.110.110.110 -uroot -pabcd123</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">(注:u与root可以不用加空格,其它也一样)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">3、退出MYSQL命令: exit (回车)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">二、修改密码。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">格式:mysqladmin -u用户名 -p旧密码 password 新密码</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">1、例1:给root加个密码ab12。首先在DOS下进入目录mysqlbin,然后键入以下命令</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysqladmin -uroot -password ab12</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">注:因为开始时root没有密码,所以-p旧密码一项就可以省略了。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">2、例2:再将root的密码改为djg345。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysqladmin -uroot -pab12 password djg345</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">三、增加新用户。(注意:和上面不同,下面的因为是MYSQL环境中的命令,所以后面都带一个分号作为命令结束符)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">格式:grant select on 数据库.* to 用户名@登录主机 identified by "密码" 例1、增加一个用户test1密码为abc,让他可以在任何主机上登录,并对所有数据库有查询、插入、修改、删除的权限。首先用以root用户连入MYSQL,然后键入以下命令:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">grant select,insert,update,delete on *.* to test1@"%" Identified by "abc";</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">但例1增加的用户是十分危险的,你想如某个人知道test1的密码,那么他就可以在internet上的任何一台电脑上登录你的mysql数据库并对你的数据可以为所欲为了,解决办法见例2。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">例2、增加一个用户test2密码为abc,让他只可以在localhost上登录,并可以对数据库mydb进行查询、插入、修改、删除的操作(localhost指本地主机,即MYSQL数据库所在的那台主机),这样用户即使用知道test2的密码,他也无法从internet上直接访问数据库,只能通过MYSQL主机上的web页来访问了。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">grant select,insert,update,delete on mydb.* to test2@localhost identified by "abc";</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">如果你不想test2有密码,可以再打一个命令将密码消掉。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">grant select,insert,update,delete on mydb.* to test2@localhost identified by "";</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">4、第一条命令</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; select version(),current_date();</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------------+-----------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| version() | current_date() |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------------+-----------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| 3.23.25a-debug | 2001-05-17 |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------------+-----------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">1 row in set (0.01 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">此命令要求mysql服务器告诉你它的版本号和当前日期。尝试用不同大小写操作上述命令,看结果如何。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">结果说明mysql命令的大小写结果是一致的。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">练习如下操作:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt;Select (20+5)*4;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt;Select (20+5)*4,sin(pi()/3);</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt;Select (20+5)*4 AS Result,sin(pi()/3); (AS: 指定假名为Result)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">5、多行语句</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">一条命令可以分成多行输入,直到出现分号“;”为止:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; select</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">-&gt; USER()</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">-&gt; ,</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">-&gt; now()</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">-&gt;;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+--------------------+---------------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| USER() | now() |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+--------------------+---------------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| ODBC@localhost | 2001-05-17 2215 |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+--------------------+---------------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">1 row in set (0.06 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">注意中间的逗号和最后的分号的使用方法。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">6、一行多命令</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">输入如下命令:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; Select USER(); Select NOW();</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+------------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| USER() |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+------------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| ODBC@localhost |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+------------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">1 row in set (0.00 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+---------------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| NOW() |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+---------------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| 2001-05-17 23:06:15 |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+---------------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">1 row in set (0.00 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">注意中间的分号,命令之间用分号隔开。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">7、显示当前存在的数据库</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; show databases;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| Database |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| mysql|</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| test |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">2 row in set (0.06 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">8、选择数据库并显示当前选择的数据库</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; USE mysql</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">Database changed</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">(USE 和 QUIT 命令不需要分号结束。)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; select database();</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+---------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| database()|</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+---------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| mysql |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+---------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">1 row in set (0.00 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">9、显示当前数据库中存在的表</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; SHOW TABLES;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">10、显示表(db)的内容</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt;select * from db;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">11、命令的取消</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">当命令输入错误而又无法改变(多行语句情形)时,只要在分号出现前就可以用 c来取消该条命令</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; select</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">-&gt; user()</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">-&gt; c</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">这是一些最常用的最基本的操作命令,通过多次练习就可以牢牢掌捂了。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">学习篇</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">了解了一些最基本的操作命令后,我们再来学习如何创建一个数据库和数据库表。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">1、使用SHOW语句找出在服务器上当前存在什么数据库:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; SHOW DATABASES;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| Database |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| mysql|</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| test |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">3 rows in set (0.00 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">2、创建一个数据库abccs</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; Create DATABASE abccs;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">注意不同操作系统对大小写的敏感。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">3、选择你所创建的数据库</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; USE abccs</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">Database changed</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">此时你已经进入你刚才所建立的数据库abccs.</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">4、 创建一个数据库表</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">首先看现在你的数据库中存在什么表:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; SHOW TABLES;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">Empty set (0.00 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">说明刚才建立的数据库中还没有数据库表。下面来创建一个数据库表mytable:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">我们要建立一个你公司员工的生日表,表的内容包含员工姓名、性别、出生日期、出生城市。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; Create TABLE mytable (name VARCHAR(20), sex CHAR(1),</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">-&gt; birth DATE, birthaddr VARCHAR(20));</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">由于name、birthadd的列值是变化的,因此选择VARCHAR,其长度不一定是20。可以选择从</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">1到255的任何长度,如果以后需要改变它的字长,可以使用Alter TABLE语句。);</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">性别只需一个字符就可以表示:"m"或"f",因此选用CHAR(1);</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">birth列则使用DATE数据类型。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">创建了一个表后,我们可以看看刚才做的结果,用SHOW TABLES显示数据库中有哪些表:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; SHOW TABLES;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+---------------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| Tables in menagerie |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+---------------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| mytables|</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+---------------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">5、显示表的结构:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; DESCRIBE mytable;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| Field | Type| Null | Key | Default | Extra |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| name| varchar(20) | YES | | NULL| |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| sex | char(1) | YES | | NULL| |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| birth | date| YES | | NULL| |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| deathaddr | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL| |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">4 rows in set (0.00 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">6、 往表中加入记录</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">我们先用Select命令来查看表中的数据:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; select * from mytable;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">Empty set (0.00 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">这说明刚才创建的表还没有记录。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">加入一条新记录:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; insert into mytable</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">-&gt; values ('abccs','f','1977-07-07','china');</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">再用上面的Select命令看看发生了什么变化。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">我们可以按此方法一条一条地将所有员工的记录加入到表中。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">7、用文本方式将数据装入一个数据库表</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">如果一条一条地输入,很麻烦。我们可以用文本文件的方式将所有记录加入你的数据库表中。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">创建一个文本文件“mysql.txt”,每行包含一个记录,用定位符(tab)把值分开,并且以在</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">Create TABLE语句中列出的列次序给出,例如:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">abccs f 1977-07-07 china  </span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mary f 1978-12-12 usa</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">tom m 1970-09-02 usa</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">使用下面命令将文本文件“mytable.txt”装载到mytable表中:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE "mytable.txt" INTO TABLE pet;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">再使用如下命令看看是否已将数据输入到数据库表中:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; select * from mytable;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">上篇我们学会了如何创建一个数据库和数据库表,并知道如何向数据库表中添加记录。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">那么我们如何从数据库表中检索数据呢?</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">1、从数据库表中检索信息</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">实际上,前面我们已经用到了Select语句,它用来从数据库表中检索信息。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">select语句格式一般为:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">Select 检索关键词 FROM 被检索的表 Where 检索条件(可选)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">以前所使用的“ * ”表示选择所有的列。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">下面继续使用我们在上篇文章中创建的表mytable:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">2、查询所有数据:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; select * from mytable;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------+------------+----------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| name | sex | birth | birthaddr |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------+------------+--------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| abccs|f| 1977-07-07 | china |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| mary |f| 1978-12-12 | usa |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| tom |m| 1970-09-02 | usa |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------+------------+----------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">3 row in set (0.00 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">3、修正错误记录:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">假如tom的出生日期有错误,应该是1973-09-02,则可以用update语句来修正:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; update mytable set birth = "1973-09-02" where name = "tom";</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">再用2中的语句看看是否已更正过来。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">4、选择特定行</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">上面修改了tom的出生日期,我们可以选择tom这一行来看看是否已经有了变化:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; select * from mytable where name = "tom";</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+--------+------+------------+------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| name |sex | birth | birthaddr |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+--------+------+------------+------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| tom|m| 1973-09-02 | usa|</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+--------+------+------------+------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">1 row in set (0.06 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">上面Where的参数指定了检索条件。我们还可以用组合条件来进行查询:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; Select * FROM mytable Where sex = "f" AND birthaddr = "china";</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+--------+------+------------+------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| name |sex | birth | birthaddr |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+--------+------+------------+------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| abccs |f| 1977-07-07 | china |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+--------+------+------------+------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">1 row in set (0.06 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">5、 选择特定列</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">假如你想查看表中的所有人的姓名,则可以这样操作:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; Select name FROM mytable;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| name |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| abccs |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| mary |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| tom |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">3 row in set (0.00 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">如果想列出姓名和性别两列,则可以用逗号将关键词name和birth分开:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">myaql&gt; select name,birth from mytable;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">6、对行进行排序</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">我们可以对表中的记录按生日大小进行排序:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; Select name, birth FROM mytable orDER BY birth;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| name | birth |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| tom | 1973-09-02 |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| abccs| 1977-07-07 |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| mary | 1978-12-12 |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">3 row in set (0.00 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">我们可以用DESC来进行逆序排序:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; Select name, birth FROM mytable orDER BY birth DESC;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| name | birth |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| mary | 1978-12-12 |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| abccs| 1977-07-07 |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| tom | 1973-09-02 |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">3 row in set (0.00 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">7、 行计数</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">数据库经常要统计一些数据,如表中员工的数目,我们就要用到行计数函数COUNT()。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">COUNT()函数用于对非NULL结果的记录进行计数:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; Select COUNT(*) FROM mytable;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| COUNT(*) |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">|3 |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">1 row in set (0.06 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">员工中男女数量:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; Select sex, COUNT(*) FROM mytable GROUP BY sex;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+------+----------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| sex | COUNT(*) |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+------+----------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| f|2 |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| m|1 |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+------+----------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">2 row in set (0.00 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">注意我们使用了GROUP BY对SEX进行了分组。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">多表操作</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">前面我们熟悉了数据库和数据库表的基本操作,现在我们再来看看如何操作多个表。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">在一个数据库中,可能存在多个表,这些表都是相互关联的。我们继续使用前面的例子。前面建立的表中包含了员工的一些基本信息,如姓名、性别、出生日期、出生地。我们再创建一个表,该表用于描述员工所发表的文章,内容包括作者姓名、文章标题、发表日期。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">1、查看第一个表mytable的内容:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; select * from mytable;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------+------------+-----------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| name | sex | birth | birthaddr |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------+------------+-----------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| abccs|f | 1977-07-07 | china |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| mary |f | 1978-12-12 | usa |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| tom |m | 1970-09-02 | usa |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------+------------+-----------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">2、创建第二个表title(包括作者、文章标题、发表日期):</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; create table title(writer varchar(20) not null,</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">-&gt; title varchar(40) not null,</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">-&gt; senddate date);</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">向该表中填加记录,最后表的内容如下:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; select * from title;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+--------+-------+------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| writer | title | senddate |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+--------+-------+------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| abccs | a1| 2000-01-23 |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| mary | b1| 1998-03-21 |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| abccs | a2| 2000-12-04 |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| tom| c1| 1992-05-16 |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| tom| c2| 1999-12-12 |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+--------+-------+------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">5 rows in set (0.00sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">3、多表查询</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">现在我们有了两个表: mytable 和 title。利用这两个表我们可以进行组合查询:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">例如我们要查询作者abccs的姓名、性别、文章:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; Select name,sex,title FROM mytable,title</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">-&gt; Where name=writer AND name='abccs';</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+-------+------+-------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| name | sex | title |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+-------+------+-------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| abccs | f| a1|</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| abccs | f| a2|</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+-------+------+-------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">上面例子中,由于作者姓名、性别、文章记录在两个不同表内,因此必须使用组合来进行查询。必须要指定一个表中的记录如何与其它表中的记录进行匹配。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">注意:如果第二个表title中的writer列也取名为name(与mytable表中的name列相同)而不是writer时,就必须用mytable.name和title.name表示,以示区别。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">再举一个例子,用于查询文章a2的作者、出生地和出生日期:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; select title,writer,birthaddr,birth from mytable,title</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">-&gt; where mytable.name=title.writer and title='a2';</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+-------+--------+-----------+------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| title | writer | birthaddr | birth |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+-------+--------+-----------+------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| a2| abccs | china | 1977-07-07 |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+-------+--------+-----------+------------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">修改和备份、批处理</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">有时我们要对数据库表和数据库进行修改和删除,可以用如下方法实现:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">1、增加一列:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">如在前面例子中的mytable表中增加一列表示是否单身single:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; alter table mytable add column single char(1);</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">2、修改记录</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">将abccs的single记录修改为“y”:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; update mytable set single='y' where name='abccs';</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">现在来看看发生了什么:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; select * from mytable;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------+------------+-----------+--------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| name | sex | birth | birthaddr | single |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------+------------+-----------+--------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| abccs|f | 1977-07-07 | china | y |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| mary |f | 1978-12-12 | usa | NULL |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| tom |m | 1970-09-02 | usa | NULL |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------+------------+-----------+--------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">3、增加记录</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">前面已经讲过如何增加一条记录,为便于查看,重复与此:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; insert into mytable</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">-&gt; values ('abc','f','1966-08-17','china','n');</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">查看一下:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; select * from mytable;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------+------------+-----------+--------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| name | sex | birth | birthaddr | single |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------+------------+-----------+--------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| abccs|f | 1977-07-07 | china | y |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| mary |f | 1978-12-12 | usa | NULL |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| tom |m | 1970-09-02 | usa | NULL |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| abc |f | 1966-08-17 | china | n |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------+------------+-----------+--------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">3、删除记录</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">用如下命令删除表中的一条记录:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; delete from mytable where name='abc';</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">Delete从表中删除满足由where给出的条件的一条记录。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">再显示一下结果:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; select * from mytable;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------+------------+-----------+--------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| name | sex | birth | birthaddr | single |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------+------------+-----------+--------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| abccs|f | 1977-07-07 | china | y |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| mary |f | 1978-12-12 | usa | NULL |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">| tom |m | 1970-09-02 | usa | NULL |</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">+----------+------+------------+-----------+--------+</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">4、删除表:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; drop table ****(表1的名字),***表2的名字;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">可以删除一个或多个表,小心使用。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">5、数据库的删除:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; drop database 数据库名;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">小心使用。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">6、数据库的备份:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">退回到DOS:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql&gt; quit</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">d:mysqlbin</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">使用如下命令对数据库abccs进行备份:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysqldump --opt abccs&gt;abccs.dbb</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">abccs.dbb就是你的数据库abccs的备份文件。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">7、用批处理方式使用MySQL:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">首先建立一个批处理文件mytest.sql,内容如下:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">use abccs;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">select * from mytable;</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">select name,sex from mytable where name='abccs';</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">在DOS下运行如下命令:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">d:mysqlbin mysql &lt; mytest.sql</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">在屏幕上会显示执行结果。</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">如果想看结果,而输出结果很多,则可以用这样的命令:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql &lt; mytest.sql | more</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">我们还可以将结果输出到一个文件中:</span><br style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)"><span style="letter-spacing:1px; line-height:24px; background-color:rgb(255,242,198)">mysql &lt; mytest.sql &gt; mytest.out</span></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>
分享到:
评论

相关推荐

    mysql常用语句

    mySQL常用语句,包括增、删、改、查。以及一些比较偏僻的方法

    23个Mysql常用语句查询 最新 最全

    23个Mysql常用语句查询 最新 最全

    mySQL 常用语句

    mySQL常用语句mySQL常用语句mySQL常用语句mySQL常用语句mySQL常用语句mySQL常用语句mySQL常用语句

    MySql常用的语句

    MySql常用的语句 数据库版本:mysql Ver 14.12 Distrib 5.0.22, for Win32 实验数据库:test1 安装路径:c:\mysql 一、基本命令 为了操作的方便,建议先将mysql 的安装目录加入到path 环境变量中,如:将 c:\mysql\...

    mysql常用语句 思维导图

    mysql常用语句总结 思维导图

    MYSQL 常用语句

    MYSQL 常用语句 mysql 常用语句

    Mysql常用SQL语句

    mysql 常用 语句 真的很不错,大家可以看一下

    MySQL常用语句查询

    MySQL常用语句查询

    常用MySQL语句大全

    常用MySQL语句大全常用MySQL语句大全常用MySQL语句大全常用MySQL语句大全常用MySQL语句大全常用MySQL语句大全常用MySQL语句大全常用MySQL语句大全常用MySQL语句大全常用MySQL语句大全常用MySQL语句大全常用MySQL语句...

    Mysql常用语句.doc

    有很多朋友虽然安装好了 MySQL 但却不知如何使用它。在这篇文章中我们就从连接 MySQL、修改密码、增加用户等方面来学习一些 MySQL 的常用命令。

    MySQL常用语句大全

    本人亲自总结的MySQL语句大全,非常适合初学数据库的同学练习

    mysql常用语句和命令,加注释.pdf

    mysql常用语句和命令,加注释.pdf MYSQL系统定义 :当出现在特殊字符时,可以用界表示: 当出现在特殊字符时,可以用界表示: 当出现在特殊字符时,可以用界表示: select * from `select` where id&gt;100

    mysql常用语句和应用例子

    如题,有关mysql的常用语句和一些实用的例子

    mysql使用技巧了解mysql常用语句浅显易懂

    有很多朋友虽然安装好了mysql但却不知如何使用它。在这篇文章中我们就从连接MYSQL、修改密码、增加用户等方面来学习一些MYSQL的常用命令

    Mysql常用操作语句.

    Mysql常用操作语句 Mysql常用操作语句 Mysql常用操作语句

    PHP 与 Mysql 常用语句

    一些php连接mysql的语句,是我在写网页的过程中总结的

    MYSQL常用语句很容易看懂初学者最为合适

    mysql的一些常用语句解释的很清楚 创建,删除和最基本查询: 显示数据库 mysql-&gt;show databases; 创建数据库 mysql-&gt;create database db; 删除数据库 mysql-&gt;drop database db; 选择数据库 mysql-&gt;use db 创建表 ...

Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics